Insulation is an excellent way to increase the energy efficiency of a home. A properly insulated home will lower energy costs while enhancing the occupants’ comfort. Heat loss decreases in the winter, and homes remain cooler in the summer. The indoor environment is stable. What strategies may be used to insulate a home and improve energy efficiency?

Assessing Current Insulation

Homeowners should start the process by learning about the home’s current insulation. Inspect the attic, crawlspace, walls, and floors to learn which insulation is present. Consider the materials used in the home’s construction, as they also play a role in insulation. For example, pine boards are used for insulation, so homeowners should include them in the assessment.

Inadequate insulation leads to uneven temperatures, rising energy bills, and drafts. The homeowner might consider a professional energy audit, which their energy provider may provide for free or a small fee. However, a DIY inspection is better than nothing. Research the home’s R-value, or thermal resistance, to determine if additional insulation is needed.

Insulating Materials

The right materials must be selected to maximize energy efficiency. Many homes have fiberglass batts installed because they are affordable and easy to install. However, gaps can lead to heat loss or gain. Spray foam insulation seals irregular spaces but requires professional installation and is costly. Environmentally conscious homeowners might choose cellulose insulation to retrofit walls, but mold can grow if moisture is a problem in the house. Rigid foam boards offer high R-values and work well in basements and exterior walls. Homeowners should consider their budget, the local climate, and the areas being insulated when choosing materials.

Attic Insulation

Homeowners should initially concentrate their efforts on the attic. Heat rises and escapes through the roof, so minimizing this heat loss is critical. Homes in colder climates require a minimum R-value of 38, but a higher value is preferable. Most homeowners opt for blown-in cellulose or fiberglass batts. Before installing insulation, they need to seal any air leaks with foam sealant or caulk. Homes in humid climates typically require a moisture barrier to be installed before insulation. In unfurnished attics, the insulation lies between the floor joists. Homeowners who choose to finish their attic need to install the insulation between the roof rafters. The attic must be properly ventilated to prevent moisture from becoming trapped, which can lead to structural damage or mold.

Walls and Floors

Walls and floors play a role in household heat loss. To increase insulation in exterior walls, the homeowner must drill small holes in the drywall and use spray foam or blown-in insulation. Most homeowners turn to professionals to complete this task. Older homes benefit greatly from this process, and it is frequently used for homes with brick exteriors.

Heat loss is a common issue in homes with attached garages and crawl spaces. Installing fiberglass batts and rigid foam boards between joists can reduce heat loss. Another option is to install carpet with an insulated underlay. Finish the process by ensuring baseboards and floor edges are properly sealed. Doing so eliminates drafts.

Windows and Doors

Homeowners should also check their doors and windows for air leaks. Install weatherstripping around door frames and window sashes to eliminate drafts. Caulk prevents air infiltration, and homeowners may want to consider purchasing storm windows for added protection. Increase insulation quickly and easily by investing in heavy, insulated curtains or blinds and upgrading to double- or triple-pane windows. A draft stopper at the base of a door can also stop cold air from entering the home.

Homeowners should regularly inspect the insulation in their homes. Catching problems early reduces heat loss while maintaining a comfortable home. Furthermore, prompt action reduces energy consumption, allowing them to save money. Assess the insulation today to begin the process of making the home more energy efficient